Showing posts with label Computer Hardwares. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Computer Hardwares. Show all posts
Arise specifications and benchmark results of the GTX 860M GPU
Maxwell GPU architecture for notebook performance is far above similar models from AMD and NVIDIA itself
Recently, NVIDIA released two new GPUs ( GTX 750 and GTX 750 Ti with 28 nm lithography ) that promise stunning power and efficient power management .
Now , the manufacturer intends to launch GPUs with the same technology for notebooks . The board staff Notebook Review published specifications GTX 860M graphics unit and also some pictures showing benchmark results .
Before we go into detail about the performance of the new chip and comparisons with other models, worth checking the most important specifications .
GTX 860M GPU Specifications
Now , the manufacturer intends to launch GPUs with the same technology for notebooks . The board staff Notebook Review published specifications GTX 860M graphics unit and also some pictures showing benchmark results .
Before we go into detail about the performance of the new chip and comparisons with other models, worth checking the most important specifications .
GTX 860M GPU Specifications
- GPU : NVIDIA GeForce GTX 860M
- Architecture : Maxwell
- Lithography : 28 nm
- CUDA Cores : 640
- GPU Frequency : 540 MHz ( may be incorrect )
- Boost Frequency : Not Set
- Memory: 2,048 MB
- Memory Type: GDDR5
- Memory interface : 128 - bit
- Memory Frequency : 1253 MHz
- Memory bandwidth : 80.2 GB /
- TDP : 45 W
- Technologies : DirectX 11 , Shader Model 5.0 , DirectCompute 5.0 , PhysX , OpenCL and CUDA
Meet the DW2 machine 3,600 times faster than supercomputers
Using techniques of quantum computation, the device is able to surpass its predecessors in power and speed while consuming significantly less energy and floor space
Quantum computing has been exalted as the future of data processing with the ability to perform calculations thousands of times faster than current while consuming much less power supercomputers. Over the past two years, the only device using this concept that was already commercially available, the D-Wave One (DW1), doubled its already amazing capabilities. And now it has a successor that lets you to shame.
With hardware that makes it 300,000 times more powerful than its predecessor, the D-Wave Two (DW2) reached 100 solutions in half a second for a comparative test, producing 3,600 times faster results than the most advanced workstations running CPLEX optimization algorithms top of the line. The other half hour machines required to achieve the same results.
Quantum computing differs from the classical model in its most fundamental level . While traditional computers depend on the states of bits of alternating 1 and 0 to store data , quantum allow their " qubits " exist as 1 , 0 or both simultaneously - which is called superposition .
Thus, while a traditional PC sequentially explores potential solutions to a problem of mathematical optimization , the quantum system observes all potential solutions simultaneously and provides not only the " best " answer, but also alternative approximate 10,000 in less than a second, a process known as " quantum annealing " .
Furthermore , the model works differently from traditional computers that use logic gates to manipulate the bits shape . The D -Wave system uses an adiabatic gate, which can read the state of the qubits less energy to find a solution .
When the original DW1 was launched in May 2011, he had a chip -set of 128 qubits - which is already many magnitudes faster than the existing technology of supercomputers - and was promptly bought by research labs and defense companies contracted by the U.S. government. However , the new DW2 leave it all behind , an arrangement with anything less than 512 qubits .
Each qubit is a small processor that operates superconducting quantum mechanical effects - which in turn are amplified as more qubits are linked together . If all the 509 functional qubits DW2 were connected to each other , the system would have powers processing 100 orders of magnitude more than its predecessor.
However, as each qubit computer communicates directly only with seven other , forming eight nodes that bind each other, reaching a DW2 ends "only" 300 000 times greater than DW1 performance. Nothing to play out, considering the enormous power that the first version already has .
Such force does not come without some requirements , however , and DW2 need very specific conditions to work - not to mention extreme . The device operates at a temperature of only 0.02 Kelvin , which is something 150 times colder than the depths of interstellar space and is frighteningly close to " absolute zero " . All this in a vacuum 10 billion times lower than standard atmospheric pressure .
The device suffers 50 000 times less magnetic interference thanks to heavy shields placed on it. Surprisingly , all these values are achieved with consumption of 15.5 kW and device occupies an area of only ten square meters - which is almost nothing compared to thousands of kilowatts and whole warehouses seized by traditional supercomputers .
Enterprises and institutions of weight such as Google , NASA and the Association of the Universities Space Research U.S. , acquired their DW2 in May last year, which helps explain why the search giant has been buying development of AI companies and robotics. The D - Wave Systems does not report prices of the device , but the BBC estimated a cost of approximately $ 15 million (equivalent to approximately U.S. $ 34.7 million ) .
Quantum computing has been exalted as the future of data processing with the ability to perform calculations thousands of times faster than current while consuming much less power supercomputers. Over the past two years, the only device using this concept that was already commercially available, the D-Wave One (DW1), doubled its already amazing capabilities. And now it has a successor that lets you to shame.
With hardware that makes it 300,000 times more powerful than its predecessor, the D-Wave Two (DW2) reached 100 solutions in half a second for a comparative test, producing 3,600 times faster results than the most advanced workstations running CPLEX optimization algorithms top of the line. The other half hour machines required to achieve the same results.
Quantum computing differs from the classical model in its most fundamental level . While traditional computers depend on the states of bits of alternating 1 and 0 to store data , quantum allow their " qubits " exist as 1 , 0 or both simultaneously - which is called superposition .
Thus, while a traditional PC sequentially explores potential solutions to a problem of mathematical optimization , the quantum system observes all potential solutions simultaneously and provides not only the " best " answer, but also alternative approximate 10,000 in less than a second, a process known as " quantum annealing " .
Furthermore , the model works differently from traditional computers that use logic gates to manipulate the bits shape . The D -Wave system uses an adiabatic gate, which can read the state of the qubits less energy to find a solution .
When the original DW1 was launched in May 2011, he had a chip -set of 128 qubits - which is already many magnitudes faster than the existing technology of supercomputers - and was promptly bought by research labs and defense companies contracted by the U.S. government. However , the new DW2 leave it all behind , an arrangement with anything less than 512 qubits .
Each qubit is a small processor that operates superconducting quantum mechanical effects - which in turn are amplified as more qubits are linked together . If all the 509 functional qubits DW2 were connected to each other , the system would have powers processing 100 orders of magnitude more than its predecessor.
However, as each qubit computer communicates directly only with seven other , forming eight nodes that bind each other, reaching a DW2 ends "only" 300 000 times greater than DW1 performance. Nothing to play out, considering the enormous power that the first version already has .
Such force does not come without some requirements , however , and DW2 need very specific conditions to work - not to mention extreme . The device operates at a temperature of only 0.02 Kelvin , which is something 150 times colder than the depths of interstellar space and is frighteningly close to " absolute zero " . All this in a vacuum 10 billion times lower than standard atmospheric pressure .
The device suffers 50 000 times less magnetic interference thanks to heavy shields placed on it. Surprisingly , all these values are achieved with consumption of 15.5 kW and device occupies an area of only ten square meters - which is almost nothing compared to thousands of kilowatts and whole warehouses seized by traditional supercomputers .
Enterprises and institutions of weight such as Google , NASA and the Association of the Universities Space Research U.S. , acquired their DW2 in May last year, which helps explain why the search giant has been buying development of AI companies and robotics. The D - Wave Systems does not report prices of the device , but the BBC estimated a cost of approximately $ 15 million (equivalent to approximately U.S. $ 34.7 million ) .
SATA Express: understand this new connector that is being used in PCs
SSDs have reached the speed limit of traditional SATA ports, it is now necessary to go beyond
If you are familiar with PCs , have certainly hear of a SATA port connection and PCI Express slots . The first is commonly used for connection of storage devices , including hard drives and SSDs , and optical drives such as CD , DVD and Blu - ray , and the second is often used in connection expansion devices such as video cards , network , sound, among others .
But Express and SATA connection? Have you heard ? This new interface is exactly the union of the two previous standards , ie + SATA PCI Express . The main objective of this system is to leverage the existing integration components to increase the transmission speed of the storage units .
But why and use the PCI Express port instead of simply working in the natural evolution of the SATA port, SATA IV ? Simple: it would consume too much time and would require many changes in the pattern, resulting in a connector that would consume a lot of energy and would have a maximum speed of 1.2 GB per second ( SATA1200 ) .
Moreover , PCI Express is already widely used and offers a transmission speed of up to 1 GB per second ( per lane ) in its version 3.0. Because the architecture allows grouping cues to improve performance , it is relatively easy to increase data bandwidth of PCI Express . In the case of SATA Express you can group up to two channels , which results in a nominal transmission of 2 GB / s bidirectionally .
But , and that the need for such speed ? If on one hand the traditional HDDs and SSDs input still not enjoying 100 % of the transfer of the SATA III bandwidth , SSDs are already reaching the limit which, in theory , is 600 MB / s , but in practice is at around 550 MB / s . This bottleneck is already limiting the performance of some systems and forcing some users to invest in PCI Express storage systems .
PCI Express storage system
Use the PCI Express port to connect storage drives is not exactly new . For some time there has SSDs plates , which are connected to the PCI Express slot .
This type of equipment has a good performance, but requires installing an expansion card in the cabinet, something that is not always possible, sometimes by physical space or simply the lack of a free PCI Express port on the motherboard.
Old, new connector interface
Although the SATA Express seem like a new connection, it is not exactly new. As mentioned earlier, the architecture used will be PCI Express already exists. However, the connector must be different, as if it was a mixture of the two interfaces. The advantage is that it is backward compatible, meaning it can be used for connecting traditional SATA devices for new equipment as well.
Express SATA connector comprises two more traditional SATA ports and a 4-pin connector. It is possible to connect a cable that leads to a storage unit or two SATA Express traditional SATA drives.
servers
The SATA Express should also reach the server market, however, the connection interface should be somewhat different from that presented in traditional desktops.
Laptops, Notebooks and ultrabooks
A new connector solves the problems of desktops, but what about laptops? Most of this equipment is so compact nowadays that the only peripheral that they use are the mSATA SSDs, as these devices are approximately 50 x 30 x 4 mm. Their advantage is size, but they are also subject to the bandwidth of the SATA interface, ie, 600 MB / s
To resolve this problem , a new type of connector is also being developed . This new connector should follow the same parameters as its desktop counterpart , with the advantage of being extremely compact . This door has the facility to be compatible with both SSDs and with PCI Express expansion cards such as WiFi driver , for example.
When it hits the market ?
Several manufacturers are already working on developing motherboards with the new communication interface , and ASUS is one of them . The company has shown some cards with the interface during CES 2014 , but showed no release date .
However , it is possible that these devices begin to reach the market as soon as devices (read SSDs ) start appearing . And it should not take , since the high-performance SSDs have reached the limit of traditional SATA ports and need more space to continue growing.
If you are familiar with PCs , have certainly hear of a SATA port connection and PCI Express slots . The first is commonly used for connection of storage devices , including hard drives and SSDs , and optical drives such as CD , DVD and Blu - ray , and the second is often used in connection expansion devices such as video cards , network , sound, among others .
But Express and SATA connection? Have you heard ? This new interface is exactly the union of the two previous standards , ie + SATA PCI Express . The main objective of this system is to leverage the existing integration components to increase the transmission speed of the storage units .
But why and use the PCI Express port instead of simply working in the natural evolution of the SATA port, SATA IV ? Simple: it would consume too much time and would require many changes in the pattern, resulting in a connector that would consume a lot of energy and would have a maximum speed of 1.2 GB per second ( SATA1200 ) .
Moreover , PCI Express is already widely used and offers a transmission speed of up to 1 GB per second ( per lane ) in its version 3.0. Because the architecture allows grouping cues to improve performance , it is relatively easy to increase data bandwidth of PCI Express . In the case of SATA Express you can group up to two channels , which results in a nominal transmission of 2 GB / s bidirectionally .
But , and that the need for such speed ? If on one hand the traditional HDDs and SSDs input still not enjoying 100 % of the transfer of the SATA III bandwidth , SSDs are already reaching the limit which, in theory , is 600 MB / s , but in practice is at around 550 MB / s . This bottleneck is already limiting the performance of some systems and forcing some users to invest in PCI Express storage systems .
PCI Express storage system
Use the PCI Express port to connect storage drives is not exactly new . For some time there has SSDs plates , which are connected to the PCI Express slot .
This type of equipment has a good performance, but requires installing an expansion card in the cabinet, something that is not always possible, sometimes by physical space or simply the lack of a free PCI Express port on the motherboard.
Old, new connector interface
Although the SATA Express seem like a new connection, it is not exactly new. As mentioned earlier, the architecture used will be PCI Express already exists. However, the connector must be different, as if it was a mixture of the two interfaces. The advantage is that it is backward compatible, meaning it can be used for connecting traditional SATA devices for new equipment as well.
Express SATA connector comprises two more traditional SATA ports and a 4-pin connector. It is possible to connect a cable that leads to a storage unit or two SATA Express traditional SATA drives.
servers
The SATA Express should also reach the server market, however, the connection interface should be somewhat different from that presented in traditional desktops.
Laptops, Notebooks and ultrabooks
A new connector solves the problems of desktops, but what about laptops? Most of this equipment is so compact nowadays that the only peripheral that they use are the mSATA SSDs, as these devices are approximately 50 x 30 x 4 mm. Their advantage is size, but they are also subject to the bandwidth of the SATA interface, ie, 600 MB / s
To resolve this problem , a new type of connector is also being developed . This new connector should follow the same parameters as its desktop counterpart , with the advantage of being extremely compact . This door has the facility to be compatible with both SSDs and with PCI Express expansion cards such as WiFi driver , for example.
When it hits the market ?
Several manufacturers are already working on developing motherboards with the new communication interface , and ASUS is one of them . The company has shown some cards with the interface during CES 2014 , but showed no release date .
However , it is possible that these devices begin to reach the market as soon as devices (read SSDs ) start appearing . And it should not take , since the high-performance SSDs have reached the limit of traditional SATA ports and need more space to continue growing.
It's war! New API from Microsoft can be twice as good as Mantle
Platform that would be the "DirectX 12" can be presented during GDC 2014 in
The Mantle Technology from AMD , surprised when it was announced and after the first performance tests of plates containing the API . This means that the market received a boost , plus the declaration of war against the competitor, NVIDIA .
And the battle will be good : According to ExtremeTech , several sessions scheduled for the Game Developers Conference ( GDC ) 2014 in late March , will have as its theme an API for low level headed for Direct3D and OpenGL platforms , the two most affected by Mantle. Microsoft would be responsible for the development of technology .
Some time ago , the company said it was still committed to evolve DirectX standard, but did not say anything about a successor , who would be a " DirectX 12 " . Soon after , Mantle was launched in the market and eyes turned all AMD . But the description of the events of the GDC is encouraging. " You asked us better tools for you to squeeze every drop of performance from your computer , tablet , phone or console. Come to know our plans ," says the notice.
friendly rivals
Also according to the Extremetch , the recent interest in the field of Microsoft APIs result in a low tech twice as good as the Mantle. The project would use a different basis from AMD , but the goal is the same : to ensure lower heating and CPU and better graphics in the latest games available .
But AMD takes it all in the most friendly way possible. In an official statement , she stated that celebrates and supports a direction in the development of games with graphics facing the corporate vision .
The problem of such a project ? If the DirectX 12 platform exists and follow the Microsoft standard , it will be exclusive of the next version of Windows , which can be a major limitation .
The Mantle Technology from AMD , surprised when it was announced and after the first performance tests of plates containing the API . This means that the market received a boost , plus the declaration of war against the competitor, NVIDIA .
And the battle will be good : According to ExtremeTech , several sessions scheduled for the Game Developers Conference ( GDC ) 2014 in late March , will have as its theme an API for low level headed for Direct3D and OpenGL platforms , the two most affected by Mantle. Microsoft would be responsible for the development of technology .
Some time ago , the company said it was still committed to evolve DirectX standard, but did not say anything about a successor , who would be a " DirectX 12 " . Soon after , Mantle was launched in the market and eyes turned all AMD . But the description of the events of the GDC is encouraging. " You asked us better tools for you to squeeze every drop of performance from your computer , tablet , phone or console. Come to know our plans ," says the notice.
friendly rivals
Also according to the Extremetch , the recent interest in the field of Microsoft APIs result in a low tech twice as good as the Mantle. The project would use a different basis from AMD , but the goal is the same : to ensure lower heating and CPU and better graphics in the latest games available .
But AMD takes it all in the most friendly way possible. In an official statement , she stated that celebrates and supports a direction in the development of games with graphics facing the corporate vision .
The problem of such a project ? If the DirectX 12 platform exists and follow the Microsoft standard , it will be exclusive of the next version of Windows , which can be a major limitation .
Snare: 3 types of cables made to deceive the consumer
It's good to do a little research before purchasing some fake components and that does not work very well
The computer market is bombarded with new products every month, which makes the situation complicated for consumers who want to purchase only one functional unit.
Which occurs in the same way that there are honest companies , there picks manufacturers that target only mislead consumers with false or deceptive devices .
Recently, a reddit user posted some tips on some types of cables that do not work properly and that consumers are only spending good money without getting the desired benefit . Check out what components you should not buy .
1. HDMI to VGA
The first type of cable is quite common to find because it is much sought after . With the promise to send a HDMI signal to a VGA ( or vice versa ) port , this type of cable would allow older computers could send signal to new televisions and would be a key player in connecting new PC (with HDMI ) and old monitors .
The truth is that this type of cable does not work as expected . The HDMI signal is digital type , whereas products with VGA connection works with analog signal . Basically , there is no way perform this type of conversion to a cable . You need to purchase a card that can receive the signal and convert it .
Available in many cheap shops , this type of cable should not be expensive , because it only brings connectors and does not perform the promised activity ( although it works with the digital VGA available in some graphics cards ) . Avoid buying this cable because you will not win anything but headaches trying to exchange the product or get your money back .
2 . Cable SATA 3
For some time , the storage devices have changed the default for the current SATA 2 SATA 3 . The new technology promised higher transfer rates , which made many people buy a new HD or SSD for better performance .
Is that changing the pattern did not result in a change of the interface cable , ie , it is not necessary to have a " SATA 3 " cable for your HD work properly . The SATA 3 cable connections are identical to the 2 SATA cable, so there is no point you pay more for a component that performs the same task of the cable you already own.
Actually , the only thing that changes on a SATA 3 cable is that it comes with a little piece that helps to better secure the cable in HD . Although it does not cost very expensive , not worth anything you buy a SATA 3 cable. The important thing is to check if the motherboard and the hard drive are compatible .
3 . Dual -link DVI cable
DVI cables type Dual - link are not a scam . They really do exist ! However , proper care is taken when purchasing this type of cable , because you can end up taking a single- link home and not having the expected functionality ( Dual -link is for the use of higher resolutions ) .
In this case, the seller can easily mislead consumers because apparently these cables are equal. However, a false Dual-link, even if it brings the pins at the ends, will not have the necessary internal wiring, which will not be of any use to anyone needing a true dual-link.
It's always good search
Well, as you can see, the cables quoted here are not exactly false, but are components that are not useful, since they do not offer benefits. The idea here is to alert you to take care when buying and avoid some redundant or who are really useless products. Find information before it is fundamental!
The computer market is bombarded with new products every month, which makes the situation complicated for consumers who want to purchase only one functional unit.
Which occurs in the same way that there are honest companies , there picks manufacturers that target only mislead consumers with false or deceptive devices .
Recently, a reddit user posted some tips on some types of cables that do not work properly and that consumers are only spending good money without getting the desired benefit . Check out what components you should not buy .
1. HDMI to VGA
The first type of cable is quite common to find because it is much sought after . With the promise to send a HDMI signal to a VGA ( or vice versa ) port , this type of cable would allow older computers could send signal to new televisions and would be a key player in connecting new PC (with HDMI ) and old monitors .
Available in many cheap shops , this type of cable should not be expensive , because it only brings connectors and does not perform the promised activity ( although it works with the digital VGA available in some graphics cards ) . Avoid buying this cable because you will not win anything but headaches trying to exchange the product or get your money back .
2 . Cable SATA 3
For some time , the storage devices have changed the default for the current SATA 2 SATA 3 . The new technology promised higher transfer rates , which made many people buy a new HD or SSD for better performance .
Is that changing the pattern did not result in a change of the interface cable , ie , it is not necessary to have a " SATA 3 " cable for your HD work properly . The SATA 3 cable connections are identical to the 2 SATA cable, so there is no point you pay more for a component that performs the same task of the cable you already own.
Actually , the only thing that changes on a SATA 3 cable is that it comes with a little piece that helps to better secure the cable in HD . Although it does not cost very expensive , not worth anything you buy a SATA 3 cable. The important thing is to check if the motherboard and the hard drive are compatible .
3 . Dual -link DVI cable
DVI cables type Dual - link are not a scam . They really do exist ! However , proper care is taken when purchasing this type of cable , because you can end up taking a single- link home and not having the expected functionality ( Dual -link is for the use of higher resolutions ) .
It's always good search
Well, as you can see, the cables quoted here are not exactly false, but are components that are not useful, since they do not offer benefits. The idea here is to alert you to take care when buying and avoid some redundant or who are really useless products. Find information before it is fundamental!
You're quick on the keyboard? Then see this Korean playing
After this video, you'll understand why many leave the room to see that the opponent will be a Korean
Every player, to start the journey in his first game online, have difficulty in adapting to the commands, but temporarily. Shortly after the majority is already pressing keys quickly, but a few may reach the level of what is seen in the video that opens this news.
The filmed player, known as Losira, StarCraft II veteran is. Apart from knowledge in the game universe, amazes the speed with which he performs his actions - and does anyone dares to tell how many moves he makes per minute?
Every player, to start the journey in his first game online, have difficulty in adapting to the commands, but temporarily. Shortly after the majority is already pressing keys quickly, but a few may reach the level of what is seen in the video that opens this news.
The filmed player, known as Losira, StarCraft II veteran is. Apart from knowledge in the game universe, amazes the speed with which he performs his actions - and does anyone dares to tell how many moves he makes per minute?
Discover why the "little arrow" of your mouse be tilted
Answer to this question comes from the times when the computer still had fairly low resolution image
Perhaps you've noticed that the cursor of your mouse (that famous little arrow) is tilted, is not it? However, the quantity of people who wondered why she was so - not straight, pointing up - it's pretty small. Thus, the explanation for this question is not very widespread.
Turns out there's a very practical reason for the cursor to be the way it is - and it is from the time the computer was taking its first steps. To begin with, as you might guess, the first computers and electronic devices relied on bad graphics, as well as a fairly low resolution image.
A problem of "view"
Discover why the (Image Source : Reproduction / Gujjufreak )
Perhaps you've noticed that the cursor of your mouse ( that famous little arrow ) is tilted , is not it ? However, the quantity of people who wondered why she was so - not straight , pointing up - it's pretty small . Thus , the explanation for this question is not very widespread .
Turns out there's a very practical reason for the cursor to be the way it is - and it is from the time the computer was taking its first steps . To begin with , as you might guess , the first computers and electronic devices relied on bad graphics, as well as a fairly low resolution image .
A problem of "view "
Discover why the (Image Source : Reproduction / StackExchange )
At the time described above , the arrows were straight , pointed at the top of your screen ( in the way that many people nowadays think it should be) . The problem is that when the machine was built XEROX PARC , it was found that the poor image quality ended up creating a simple problem and at the same time important .
Because of the pixilated and blurry images , it was difficult to differentiate the cursor rest of the information that appeared on the screen , since it seemed to be just another feature - you can check this " effect " in the image above. It is also worth mentioning that the mouse and the " little arrow " have patents noting that its inventor is Douglas Engelbart , created in the 1970s .
Necessary changes ...
After noting this display problem , Engelbart done some research and found that the cursor tilted 45 degrees to the left would be easier to be seen by users of computers of the time ( for the sake of contrast) , and would also be easier to be produced. And of course this idea was adopted .
At first , only the Xerox started working with the inclined arrow , but other large companies have adopted this " technique " , such as Microsoft and Apple . With this, the cursor as we know now spread across the world and was very well received , so it is pretty much the same for decades .
Perhaps you've noticed that the cursor of your mouse (that famous little arrow) is tilted, is not it? However, the quantity of people who wondered why she was so - not straight, pointing up - it's pretty small. Thus, the explanation for this question is not very widespread.
Turns out there's a very practical reason for the cursor to be the way it is - and it is from the time the computer was taking its first steps. To begin with, as you might guess, the first computers and electronic devices relied on bad graphics, as well as a fairly low resolution image.
A problem of "view"
Discover why the (Image Source : Reproduction / Gujjufreak )
Perhaps you've noticed that the cursor of your mouse ( that famous little arrow ) is tilted , is not it ? However, the quantity of people who wondered why she was so - not straight , pointing up - it's pretty small . Thus , the explanation for this question is not very widespread .
Turns out there's a very practical reason for the cursor to be the way it is - and it is from the time the computer was taking its first steps . To begin with , as you might guess , the first computers and electronic devices relied on bad graphics, as well as a fairly low resolution image .
A problem of "view "
Discover why the (Image Source : Reproduction / StackExchange )
At the time described above , the arrows were straight , pointed at the top of your screen ( in the way that many people nowadays think it should be) . The problem is that when the machine was built XEROX PARC , it was found that the poor image quality ended up creating a simple problem and at the same time important .
Because of the pixilated and blurry images , it was difficult to differentiate the cursor rest of the information that appeared on the screen , since it seemed to be just another feature - you can check this " effect " in the image above. It is also worth mentioning that the mouse and the " little arrow " have patents noting that its inventor is Douglas Engelbart , created in the 1970s .
Necessary changes ...
After noting this display problem , Engelbart done some research and found that the cursor tilted 45 degrees to the left would be easier to be seen by users of computers of the time ( for the sake of contrast) , and would also be easier to be produced. And of course this idea was adopted .
At first , only the Xerox started working with the inclined arrow , but other large companies have adopted this " technique " , such as Microsoft and Apple . With this, the cursor as we know now spread across the world and was very well received , so it is pretty much the same for decades .
Analysis tested the ASUS GeForce GTX 780 Platinum Poseidon
A powerful video card that brings two different cooling systems
The ASUS GeForce GTX 780 Platinum Poseidon is not a common video card . For starters , it carries the seal of ASUS ROG , which means a product developed with high quality components and offers high performance .
To ensure this, the model is built with an NVIDIA GK110 , more precisely a GTX 780 chip . Furthermore , the plate also has unique features ROG line as the digital voltage regulator DIGI + VRM capacitors with high duration and two different cooling systems .
Dubbed DirectCU H2O , the cooling system brings fans and a block ready to be connected to an external water cooler , which allows for safer overclocks .
We tested the card in both conditions and compared the two methods to figure out which one is more efficient , even when making overclocks .
Technical Specifications
Visual plate
The Poseidon has a relatively simple look but very stylish. The design and colors follow the tradition of the ROG line, which means that if this video card is connected to a motherboard seal, the combination will be perfect aesthetically speaking.
Looking at the board set aside, you can see the waterblock with the heatsinks covering almost the entire surface of the PCB. The two huge coolers are positioned in parallel, similar to that seen in other models of DirectCU line.
The top stands out from other video cards by the presence of two supports for the water hoses, next to huge heatpipes coming out of the center and round almost the whole body of the plate.
The connections for video output are traditional: two DVI, one HDMI and one DisplayPort. At the top, two SLI ports allow up to four cards are placed in parallel
Poseidon is in need connect an external water cooler on board. The advantage of this is that , as it is not fixed , ends up facilitating the maintenance and transportation part . The downside is that not everyone has a water cooler available at home - and , unless you are willing to invest in a set of these , will have to settle for the traditional cooling system that came with the card .
Kepler GK110
The GK110 is a powerful chip . We have already tested the model several times before , as it is present in the same GTX 780 ( reference ) , the GTX 780 Ti and GTX Titan . It is clear that in each of these versions , the GPU has important changes in its architecture to justify the change .
The model offers a high data processing power through a parallel processing technology . The chip is built with 7.1 billion transistors , making him one of the most complex microprocessors already developed by NVIDIA .
One of the main advantages of the Kepler relative to Fermi ( GTX generation 5xx ) is the processing capacity per watt, which is three times larger, resulting in higher performance with lower fuel consumption .
The features offered by GK110 are vast :
The GK110 that moves to SMX Poseidon has 12 units , bringing 2,304 CUDA cores ( 2.880 against the GTX 780 Ti ) and six memory controllers 64-bit .
With this, 3 GB of onboard memory with a clock rotate from 6 GHz to a transfer rate of 384 bits , which means a band with speed of 288 GB per second .
The GPU video card does not have a fixed clock , only an initial value that starts at 954 MHz ( 836 MHz against the reference plate ) . This value increases dynamically while the video card does not reach thermal limit set by Clock Boost 2.0 .
Unique Features ASUS
The Poseidon has a powerful energy system with 10 stages Aloy Super Power , along with the controller DIGI + VRM voltage . This ensures greater precision in the energy supply of the GK110 , besides allowing bolder overclocks . To complete , solid capacitors are designed to withstand extreme temperatures without losing durability .
ASUS GPU Tweak
Provides a number of useful tools for managing video card . Through the software you can configure real-time clocks of memory and GPU , configure power options and game modes . All this can be saved in up to four different operating profiles to facilitate subsequent configuration. To complete , the software also allows you to update the BIOS through the Live Update feature .
The ASUS GeForce GTX 780 Platinum Poseidon is not a common video card . For starters , it carries the seal of ASUS ROG , which means a product developed with high quality components and offers high performance .
To ensure this, the model is built with an NVIDIA GK110 , more precisely a GTX 780 chip . Furthermore , the plate also has unique features ROG line as the digital voltage regulator DIGI + VRM capacitors with high duration and two different cooling systems .
Dubbed DirectCU H2O , the cooling system brings fans and a block ready to be connected to an external water cooler , which allows for safer overclocks .
We tested the card in both conditions and compared the two methods to figure out which one is more efficient , even when making overclocks .
Technical Specifications
The Poseidon has a relatively simple look but very stylish. The design and colors follow the tradition of the ROG line, which means that if this video card is connected to a motherboard seal, the combination will be perfect aesthetically speaking.
Looking at the board set aside, you can see the waterblock with the heatsinks covering almost the entire surface of the PCB. The two huge coolers are positioned in parallel, similar to that seen in other models of DirectCU line.
The top stands out from other video cards by the presence of two supports for the water hoses, next to huge heatpipes coming out of the center and round almost the whole body of the plate.
The connections for video output are traditional: two DVI, one HDMI and one DisplayPort. At the top, two SLI ports allow up to four cards are placed in parallel
The back is protected by a metal plate that also helps dissipate heat, and an illuminated panel positioned on the side lights up when the video card is connected.
DirectCU II H20 - Cooling System
The cooling system of Poseidon is hybrid, ie, there are two distinct ways to keep the GTX 780 chip with a stable temperature. The responsible for this is the DirectCU H2O system, which includes two traditional coolers, but also works with water. To make this possible, the block sink comes with two inputs for connecting hoses of your water cooler.
The system differs somewhat from ASUS Ares II, which already has a liquid cooling system including hoses, pump and radiator which will be responsible for water cooling.
Kepler GK110
The GK110 is a powerful chip . We have already tested the model several times before , as it is present in the same GTX 780 ( reference ) , the GTX 780 Ti and GTX Titan . It is clear that in each of these versions , the GPU has important changes in its architecture to justify the change .
The model offers a high data processing power through a parallel processing technology . The chip is built with 7.1 billion transistors , making him one of the most complex microprocessors already developed by NVIDIA .
The features offered by GK110 are vast :
- Dynamic Parallelism : Dynamic parallelism allows the GPU to assign work to herself , synchronizing results and controlling processes intelligently , all without resorting to the CPU at any time . Thus , developers can create multiple parallel work routines that can run entirely by the GPU , leaving the CPU free for other more important tasks ;
- Hyper - Q : Hyper - Q allows multiple cores of a CPU can talk to only one GPU at the same time significantly reducing the idle time of the processor and thereby increasing the performance of the system as a whole to better leverage the GPU ;
- Grid Management Unit : The GMU or Grid Management Unit , GPU can help to better balance work routines , such as the dynamic parallelism. The GMU is who defines the work of the GPU , organizing grids processes so that they run more efficiently ;
- NVIDIA GPUDirect : the GPUDirect allows different GPUs on a single machine or GPUs located in the same network to exchange data directly , without the need to resort to the CPU or the system's main memory .
- Kepler GK110 was designed to incorporate the Tesla accelerators , so the goal of NVIDIA to develop the model was to create the microprocessor parallel processing world's most powerful .
The GK110 that moves to SMX Poseidon has 12 units , bringing 2,304 CUDA cores ( 2.880 against the GTX 780 Ti ) and six memory controllers 64-bit .
With this, 3 GB of onboard memory with a clock rotate from 6 GHz to a transfer rate of 384 bits , which means a band with speed of 288 GB per second .
Unique Features ASUS
The Poseidon has a powerful energy system with 10 stages Aloy Super Power , along with the controller DIGI + VRM voltage . This ensures greater precision in the energy supply of the GK110 , besides allowing bolder overclocks . To complete , solid capacitors are designed to withstand extreme temperatures without losing durability .
ASUS GPU Tweak
Provides a number of useful tools for managing video card . Through the software you can configure real-time clocks of memory and GPU , configure power options and game modes . All this can be saved in up to four different operating profiles to facilitate subsequent configuration. To complete , the software also allows you to update the BIOS through the Live Update feature .
Who usually transmit their gameplays the internet will have available a complete tool brought by streaming GPU Tweak application, which is able to send videos with full HD quality .
Unique Features NVIDIA
What is the PhysX physics acceleration system that tracks all the latest generation of GPUs from NVIDIA . Current games have many moving elements simultaneously: are explosions , clothes, hair and a multitude of objects that need to be managed by the system .
Thanks to PhysX acceleration system, you can have these special effects during games without suffering the processor to manage it all. Games like Metro : Last Light and Batman : Arkham Origins abuse the hardware , and because of PhysX , you can have an enjoyable viewing experience .
Adaptive Vsync was launched in the previous generation and returns with GeForce GTX 780 . What this feature does is control the vertical synchronization of images enabling Vsync when the video card is slack , and disabling when it takes more processing power . With this, the animations are much smoother on the screen
What is the PhysX physics acceleration system that tracks all the latest generation of GPUs from NVIDIA . Current games have many moving elements simultaneously: are explosions , clothes, hair and a multitude of objects that need to be managed by the system .
Thanks to PhysX acceleration system, you can have these special effects during games without suffering the processor to manage it all. Games like Metro : Last Light and Batman : Arkham Origins abuse the hardware , and because of PhysX , you can have an enjoyable viewing experience .
Adaptive Vsync was launched in the previous generation and returns with GeForce GTX 780 . What this feature does is control the vertical synchronization of images enabling Vsync when the video card is slack , and disabling when it takes more processing power . With this, the animations are much smoother on the screen
This video card is also compatible with the G- Sync, which , when activated , allows all images to be displayed on the screen when they are rendered by the GPU . This results in much more fluid animations , since there is no conflict between the rate rendering of images and the vertical refresh
rate of the monitor .
Note : To use the G - Sync , you need a compatible monitor feature .
This toolset can be seen in the tech demo FaceWorks , NVIDIA . The level of detail gets the scare , it is difficult to look at the face shown on the screen and believe that it is not real . NVIDIA FaceWorks can be found in Technolsoft .
Note : To use the G - Sync , you need a compatible monitor feature .
This toolset can be seen in the tech demo FaceWorks , NVIDIA . The level of detail gets the scare , it is difficult to look at the face shown on the screen and believe that it is not real . NVIDIA FaceWorks can be found in Technolsoft .
multiple Monitors
If you think that only one screen is not enough to play , you can enjoy the 3D Vision Surround . The feature allows them to be connected up to three screens in just one video card .
If you think that only one screen is not enough to play , you can enjoy the 3D Vision Surround . The feature allows them to be connected up to three screens in just one video card .
GPU Boost 2.0
The GPU Boost first emerged along with the GeForce GTX 680 . The tool allows an increase in CPU clock up to a specified limit, based on certain conditions . In the 600 series, the GPU Boost used as energy limitation , ie , while the limit was not reached, the clock would continue to increase .
Version 2.0 works similarly , but instead of relying on energy consumption to determine the maximum clock rate , the board now uses as the temperature limiter .
The GPU Boost first emerged along with the GeForce GTX 680 . The tool allows an increase in CPU clock up to a specified limit, based on certain conditions . In the 600 series, the GPU Boost used as energy limitation , ie , while the limit was not reached, the clock would continue to increase .
Version 2.0 works similarly , but instead of relying on energy consumption to determine the maximum clock rate , the board now uses as the temperature limiter .
The advantage is that this new system will allow users to modify the behavior of GPU Boost as you need by adjusting the maximum temperature of 80 degrees to 85 degrees ( or more ) , for example , providing more performance with more precise control of the functions and the boundaries of the plate.
All this can be easily adjusted via the ASUS GPU Tweak software , which also allows for more accurate and powerful overclocking , especially in this model that has quality components and a system of more efficient cooling than other models.
All this can be easily adjusted via the ASUS GPU Tweak software , which also allows for more accurate and powerful overclocking , especially in this model that has quality components and a system of more efficient cooling than other models.
Performance Testing
To test the performance of the board, you must submit it to various practical tests , and, of course , putting it against other models available in the market . We split testing into three different categories : games , synthetic benchmarks and computational power of the plate .
Note: AMD Radeon 290x was not included in the tests because until the closing of matter hadnt gotten a model . To check out the full review of the board , click here .
To test the ability to overclock the card , went up the GPU clock of 1,006 MHz to 1,200 MHz Memory also suffered settings: 6000 MHz we worked with 6,400 MHz
All settings were implemented by the ASUS GPU Tweak app and tested to ensure system stability .
Testing machine
To test the performance of the board, you must submit it to various practical tests , and, of course , putting it against other models available in the market . We split testing into three different categories : games , synthetic benchmarks and computational power of the plate .
Note: AMD Radeon 290x was not included in the tests because until the closing of matter hadnt gotten a model . To check out the full review of the board , click here .
To test the ability to overclock the card , went up the GPU clock of 1,006 MHz to 1,200 MHz Memory also suffered settings: 6000 MHz we worked with 6,400 MHz
All settings were implemented by the ASUS GPU Tweak app and tested to ensure system stability .
Testing machine
- CPU : Intel Core i7-3930K@3.800 MHz ;
- Motherboard : EVGA X79 SLI ;
- Memory: 16 GB quad-channel RAM G. Skill Sniper DDR3 2333 ;
- SSD : 256GB Samsung 840 Series PRO ;
- HD : 3TB Seagate ST3000M001 ;
- Source : Corsair AX860i .
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